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Caustic soda, also known as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), is a highly alkaline and corrosive substance. It is a white, solid compound that is highly soluble in water, producing a strongly basic solution.
Used in making soaps, detergents, and various industrial chemicals.
Used in drain cleaners, oven cleaners, and industrial degreasers.
Used in pulp processing and fabric treatment.
Helps adjust pH levels and remove heavy metals.
Used in peeling fruits and vegetables, and in making pretzels to give them a glossy crust.
Can cause severe burns on skin and eyes.
Produces heat and can cause dangerous splashes.
Always use protective gloves, goggles, and work in a well-ventilated area.
Information on its chemical properties or safe handling procedures?
NaOH
40.00 g/mol
White, crystalline solid (flakes, pellets, or powder); highly soluble in water
Strongly basic (pH ~14 in concentrated solution)
Dissolves readily in water, releasing heat (exothermic reaction)
Reacts violently with acids, producing salt and water
Can corrode metals like aluminum and zinc, releasing hydrogen gas.
Absorbs moisture and CO₂ from the air, forming sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃).
Wear gloves (nitrile or rubber), goggles, and long-sleeved clothing.
Use a face shield when handling large amounts or concentrated solutions.
Keep in a tightly sealed, labeled container.
Store in a cool, dry place, away from acids, aluminum, and moisture.
Always add NaOH to water, never the reverse (prevents dangerous splashes from exothermic reactions).
Use plastic or glass containers (NaOH can corrode metals).
Skin Contact: Rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing.
Eye Contact: Flush with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical help.
Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately; seek medical attention if breathing difficulty occurs.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth and seek immediate medical help.
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